1. Look over your notes for all chapters in Part 2 of the textbook/ Module 2 on Blackboard. These are chapters 4 – 9. They cover the 6 principles governing medical ethics. 2. For each principle write a 1 – 2 sentence long summary of what that principle is and provide an example of where it applies. 3. Finally, p
1. Introduction
Medical ethics is a branch of ethics that examines the moral principles and values that guide healthcare professionals in their interactions with patients, research participants, and society. These principles serve as a foundation for making ethical decisions and providing care that is both morally sound and in the best interest of patients. In Part 2 of the textbook/Module 2 on Blackboard, chapters 4 – 9 delve into the six principles that govern medical ethics. In this assignment, we will provide a summary and example for each principle.
2. The Principles of Medical Ethics
2.1 Autonomy
Autonomy refers to the right of individuals to make decisions about their own healthcare, without interference or coercion from others. It recognizes that patients have the capacity to make informed choices based on their values, preferences, and beliefs. For example, a patient diagnosed with terminal cancer may choose to forego aggressive treatment and opt for palliative care to prioritize their quality of life.
2.2 Beneficence
Beneficence is the principle that healthcare professionals should act in ways that promote the well-being and best interests of their patients. It involves providing care that benefits patients and minimizes harm. An example of beneficence is when a doctor prescribes a medication to alleviate pain and improve a patient’s quality of life.
2.3 Nonmaleficence
Nonmaleficence requires healthcare professionals to do no harm to patients. It entails avoiding actions that may cause unnecessary harm or create risks that outweigh the potential benefits. For instance, if a surgeon determines that a risky surgical procedure may cause more harm than good in a particular patient’s case, they should refrain from performing the operation.
2.4 Justice
Justice refers to the fair distribution of healthcare resources, services, and benefits. It emphasizes equitable access to healthcare, the elimination of discrimination, and the equitable allocation of resources. For example, allocating flu vaccines to vulnerable populations, such as the elderly and healthcare workers, during a flu season demonstrates justice in prioritizing those who are at higher risk.
2.5 Veracity
Veracity entails truthfulness and honesty in healthcare interactions. Healthcare professionals have an ethical obligation to provide accurate information to patients, enabling them to make informed decisions about their care. For instance, a physician should disclose the potential risks and benefits of a proposed treatment to a patient, ensuring they have all the necessary information.
2.6 Confidentiality
Confidentiality refers to the ethical duty of healthcare professionals to protect patients’ private information and maintain its confidentiality. Patient confidentiality builds trust in the healthcare relationship and allows individuals to disclose sensitive or personal information without fear of unauthorized disclosure. For example, a psychiatrist must keep the details of a patient’s therapy sessions confidential, unless there is a legal obligation or consent to breach confidentiality.
3. Conclusion
In conclusion, the six principles of medical ethics provide a framework for healthcare professionals to navigate complex ethical dilemmas and ensure patient-centered care. Autonomy, beneficence, nonmaleficence, justice, veracity, and confidentiality form the foundation for ethical decision-making in healthcare. Understanding and applying these principles is crucial in promoting good patient outcomes and upholding the ethical standards of medical practice.