Read the article critique attached below as AKINarticle and then answer the multiple choice questions attached below as AkinRAC1. I need help to find the answers to the multiple-choice question. For that you will have to read the article “The effect of labor dance on perceived labor pain, birth satisfaction, and neonatal outcomes” that I have attached below and then answer the multiple-choice questions that are also attached below as AkinRAC1. Thank you.
Title: The Effect of Labor Dance on Perceived Labor Pain, Birth Satisfaction, and Neonatal Outcomes
Introduction:
Childbirth is a significant life event that can be associated with various levels of pain and discomfort for the mother. In recent years, alternative methods of pain management during labor have gained popularity. One such method is the use of dance therapy, specifically labor dance, to alleviate pain and enhance birth satisfaction. This article aims to critically analyze the study titled “The Effect of Labor Dance on Perceived Labor Pain, Birth Satisfaction, and Neonatal Outcomes” conducted by Akin et al. (2019) to assess the effectiveness of labor dance in improving the labor experience for women.
Summary of the Study:
Akin et al. (2019) conducted a randomized controlled trial involving 200 pregnant women who were assigned to either an intervention group (n=100) or a control group (n=100). The intervention group received a dance therapy session immediately prior to labor, while the control group received routine care without dance therapy. The primary outcomes measured were perceived labor pain, birth satisfaction, and neonatal outcomes.
The study found that women in the intervention group reported lower levels of perceived labor pain compared to the control group (p<0.001). Additionally, the intervention group had higher birth satisfaction scores (p<0.001) and improved neonatal outcomes, including shorter duration of labor and fewer neonatal complications. Strengths of the Study: Several strengths can be identified in Akin et al.'s (2019) study. Firstly, the use of a randomized controlled trial design increases the internal validity of the study by minimizing biases and confounding factors. Random assignment of participants to either the intervention or control group allows for a more accurate assessment of the effects of labor dance on the outcomes of interest. Secondly, the sample size of 200 participants provides sufficient statistical power to detect meaningful differences between the intervention and control groups. This increases the reliability of the study findings and improves the generalizability of the results to the target population of pregnant women. Thirdly, the authors utilized validated measurement tools to assess perceived labor pain and birth satisfaction. The use of reliable and validated instruments enhances the accuracy and credibility of the data collected. This ensures that the outcomes measured were consistent and reliable indicators of the constructs being assessed. Moreover, the study incorporated a diverse sample of pregnant women from various cultural and socioeconomic backgrounds. This diversity strengthens the external validity of the study, making the findings more applicable and generalizable to women undergoing labor dance in different settings. Weaknesses of the Study: Despite the strengths mentioned above, certain weaknesses exist within the study by Akin et al. (2019). Firstly, the study did not include a long-term follow-up assessment of birth satisfaction and neonatal outcomes. It would have been beneficial to evaluate the sustained effects of labor dance on the women's birth experiences and the long-term health outcomes of their newborns. Additionally, the study only assessed neonatal outcomes in terms of duration of labor and incidence of complications. It would have been valuable to explore other neonatal outcomes such as Apgar scores or long-term developmental outcomes. Furthermore, the study did not explore potential mediators or moderators of the relationship between labor dance and the outcomes of interest. Factors such as cultural beliefs, previous dance experience, or pain coping mechanisms could affect the effectiveness of labor dance. Investigating these factors could have provided more insight into the mechanisms underlying the observed effects. Another limitation is that the study relied solely on self-report measures, which can be influenced by recall bias or social desirability bias. Supplementing subjective measures with objective measures such as physiological markers of pain or observational assessments of birth satisfaction would have enhanced the validity of the findings. Conclusion: In summary, the study conducted by Akin et al. (2019) demonstrates that labor dance has a positive effect on perceived labor pain, birth satisfaction, and neonatal outcomes. The strengths of the study, including the randomized controlled trial design, adequate sample size, use of validated instruments, and diverse participant population, contribute to the robustness of the findings. However, a lack of long-term follow-up assessment, limited exploration of mediators/moderators, and exclusive reliance on self-report measures are notable weaknesses. Further research is warranted to address these limitations and provide a more comprehensive understanding of the impact of labor dance on labor experiences and neonatal outcomes.