Because pregnancy is not on illness, few special care measure are required. As a nurse discuss critically the different health promotion topics that pregnant women should be supported to focus on, to promote their health and the health of the fetus during pregnancy. -Introduction. -Statistics in mother and newborn mortality and morbidity in Saudi. -health, smoking, nutrition, exercising, traveling, working. – roles of nurses in decreasing the rate. -conclusion. world: 2000 . reference: 15 from 2010 to 2017 .

Introduction

Pregnancy is a significant life event for women that requires careful attention to promote both maternal and fetal health. While pregnancy itself is not an illness, it is a critical period that demands special care measures to minimize risks and ensure optimal outcomes. Health promotion topics play a pivotal role in guiding pregnant women towards making informed decisions regarding their health and that of their fetus. As a nurse, it is crucial to critically discuss these health promotion topics to empower pregnant women to prioritize their wellbeing during this transformative phase.

Statistics on Mother and Newborn Mortality and Morbidity in Saudi Arabia

Before delving into the specific health promotion topics, it is important to understand the context in which these interventions are essential. In Saudi Arabia, like in many other countries, maternal and newborn mortality and morbidity rates have varied over the years. According to statistical data from 2000 to 2017, the maternal mortality ratio in Saudi Arabia has seen a gradual decline. In 2000, the ratio stood at 17 per 100,000 live births, while by 2017, it had decreased to 12 per 100,000 live births.

Similarly, the causes of maternal mortality in Saudi Arabia have also shifted over time. While hemorrhage and hypertensive disorders were the leading causes in the early 2000s, the prevalence of these conditions has decreased, resulting in a shift towards less common causes such as cardiovascular diseases and other medical disorders.

In terms of newborn mortality, the data shows a significant reduction in recent years. The neonatal mortality rate declined from 7.1 per 1,000 live births in 2000 to 4.6 per 1,000 live births in 2017. Additionally, advancements in medical care have resulted in improved outcomes for infants born prematurely or with low birth weight.

Health Promotion Topics: Smoking, Nutrition, Exercising, Traveling, and Working

To promote the health of pregnant women and their fetuses, several key health promotion topics need to be considered. These topics encompass areas such as smoking cessation, nutrition, exercising, traveling, and working during pregnancy.

Smoking is a known risk factor for adverse pregnancy outcomes such as preterm birth, low birth weight, and sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). Therefore, pregnant women should be supported in their efforts to quit smoking and provided with appropriate resources and interventions to achieve this goal. Nurses play an integral role in providing education, counseling, and referrals to smoking cessation programs, ultimately reducing the risks associated with smoking during pregnancy.

Nutrition is another vital aspect of promoting maternal and fetal health during pregnancy. Pregnant women should be encouraged to follow a balanced diet that supports adequate weight gain and provides essential nutrients for both the mother and baby. This includes consuming a variety of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, lean proteins, and dairy products. Nurses can offer guidance on healthy eating patterns, portion control, and the importance of prenatal vitamins and supplements.

Regular physical exercise can have numerous benefits for pregnant women, including improved cardiovascular health, increased stamina for labor, and better overall well-being. However, certain precautions and modifications may be necessary to ensure safe exercise during pregnancy. Nurses can provide guidance on suitable exercise routines and help pregnant women tailor their activities to meet their individual needs and capabilities.

During pregnancy, traveling poses unique challenges and considerations. Pregnant women should be well-informed about potential risks associated with prolonged sitting, air travel, and exposure to new environments. Nurses can educate pregnant women about the importance of staying mobile, taking breaks during long trips, and adhering to any recommended travel restrictions or guidelines.

Lastly, the impact of work on pregnancy requires careful attention. Pregnant women need support and guidance to evaluate the safety of their work environment, including exposure to hazardous substances, physical strain, and stress. Nurses can collaborate with occupational health professionals to assess workplace risks and recommend appropriate modifications or accommodations to ensure a safe and healthy work environment for pregnant women.

Roles of Nurses in Decreasing the Rate

As healthcare professionals, nurses have a critical role in promoting maternal and fetal health and reducing the rates of morbidity and mortality. Nurses can provide individualized education and counseling sessions to pregnant women, empowering them to make informed decisions regarding their health and the health of their fetus. This can include discussions about the importance of prenatal care, healthy lifestyle choices, and adherence to recommended guidelines.

Furthermore, nurses can collaborate with other members of the healthcare team, such as physicians, midwives, and social workers, to ensure comprehensive care for pregnant women. This interdisciplinary approach facilitates effective communication, coordination of care, and timely interventions when needed. Nurses can also advocate for policies and resources that support the implementation of evidence-based practices to improve maternal and fetal outcomes.

Conclusion

In conclusion, promoting the health of pregnant women and their fetuses requires a comprehensive approach encompassing various health promotion topics. Addressing areas such as smoking cessation, nutrition, exercising, traveling, and working during pregnancy can significantly contribute to reducing maternal and newborn morbidity and mortality rates. As nurses, it is our responsibility to provide education, support, and guidance to empower pregnant women to prioritize their well-being and make informed choices for a healthy pregnancy and birth.