Extraneous variables may have an influence on the dependent variable. In what ways do researchers attempt to control extraneous variables? Support your answer with current literature. Instruction: Not less than 250 words, in text citation, zero plagiarism. Text book: 1. Understanding Nursing Research: Building an Evidence-Based Practice Grove, S., Gray, J., & Burns, N. (2014). Understanding nursing research: Building an evidence-based practice (6th ed.). Maryland Heights, MO: Elsevier. ISBN-13: 9781455770601
Introduction:
In research studies, extraneous variables are factors that can potentially influence the dependent variable, leading to biased or invalid results. It is essential to control or minimize the impact of extraneous variables to ensure the internal validity and reliability of a study. This paper explores the various approaches researchers employ to control extraneous variables and provides evidence from current literature.
Study Design:
One of the primary ways researchers attempt to control extraneous variables is through careful study design. Choosing the appropriate study design and randomization techniques can help minimize the impact of potential extraneous variables. For example, in experimental studies, randomization of participants into different groups ensures that extraneous variables are evenly distributed among the groups, reducing their potential influence on the dependent variable (Polit & Beck, 2017).
Control Groups:
Another method researchers use to control extraneous variables is through the use of control groups. Control groups are participants who are not exposed to the intervention or independent variable under investigation. By comparing the control group to the intervention group, researchers can measure the effect of the independent variable while accounting for any extraneous variables that may affect the outcome (Polit & Beck, 2017). Control groups are commonly used in clinical trials to assess the effectiveness of new treatments or interventions.
Randomization:
Randomization is a technique used to control extraneous variables by assigning participants randomly to different groups. Randomization ensures that these groups are similar in important characteristics, such as age, gender, or severity of illness, thus minimizing the confounding effect of extraneous variables (Polit & Beck, 2017). By randomly assigning participants, researchers can increase the internal validity of a study and enhance the generalizability of the findings.
Matching:
Matching is another technique employed by researchers to control extraneous variables. In this approach, participants are matched based on specific characteristics that may influence the outcome variable. For example, in a study investigating the effects of a new medication on hypertension, participants in the intervention and control groups may be matched based on blood pressure levels, age, and other relevant variables (Polit & Beck, 2017). Matching helps to ensure that the groups are similar in terms of potential confounders, reducing the impact of extraneous variables on the dependent variable.
Statistical Analysis: