I have a scenerio that I need to create, and develop a plan for care for the patient based on Dorthea Orem’s theory model. I have uploaded the grading rubric, video instructions from my instructor, also the reading material of Dorthea Orem’s theory model. Need assignment in 20 hours. In APA format please.
Title: Application of Dorothea Orem’s Self-Care Deficit Nursing Theory in a Clinical Scenario
Introduction:
Dorothea Orem was a prominent nursing theorist who developed the Self-Care Deficit Nursing Theory (SCDNT) in the 1950s. This theory focuses on the role of nursing in helping individuals meet their self-care needs when they are unable to do so independently. The aim of this assignment is to apply Orem’s theory in a clinical scenario and develop a comprehensive plan of care for the patient.
Clinical Scenario:
Mr. Smith, a 65-year-old male, is admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). He has a 40-pack-year smoking history and has been experiencing increasing dyspnea, cough, and wheezing. Mr. Smith lives alone and struggles with managing his daily self-care activities due to his compromised respiratory status.
Application of Orem’s Self-Care Deficit Nursing Theory:
Orem’s SCDNT consists of three interrelated concepts: self-care, self-care deficit, and nursing systems. The theory emphasizes that individuals have the ability to engage in self-care and maintain their health but may experience a self-care deficit due to various factors, such as illness, injury, or developmental changes.
Self-Care Assessment:
To develop an effective plan of care, a comprehensive self-care assessment is essential. This assessment includes evaluating the patient’s physical, psychological, and sociocultural factors that influence their ability to meet self-care needs.
Physical Assessment:
In the case of Mr. Smith, a thorough physical assessment should be conducted to evaluate his respiratory status, oxygen saturation levels, and overall physical functioning. This assessment will provide valuable data to determine his current self-care abilities and identify areas of deficit.
Psychological Assessment:
Assessing Mr. Smith’s psychological well-being is crucial as COPD often leads to feelings of anxiety, depression, and reduced quality of life. Understanding his emotional state will help in designing interventions that promote mental well-being and increase self-care motivation.
Sociocultural Assessment:
Considering Mr. Smith’s living situation and social support network is crucial. Assessing his financial resources, availability of caretakers, and access to healthcare services will inform the development of an appropriate plan of care that takes into account his sociocultural context.
Diagnosis:
Based on the self-care assessment, a nursing diagnosis can be formulated. In this case, a possible nursing diagnosis for Mr. Smith may be “Impaired gas exchange related to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease as evidenced by dyspnea, cough, and wheezing.” This diagnosis reflects the identified self-care deficit and provides a focus for developing appropriate nursing interventions.
Plan of Care:
The plan of care aims to support Mr. Smith in achieving his optimal self-care abilities and managing his COPD effectively. The interventions designed for his care should align with Orem’s self-care deficit nursing theory, which emphasizes the provision of supportive care when individuals are unable to meet their self-care needs.
1. Breathing Techniques and Airway Clearance:
To manage his dyspnea and ineffective airway clearance, teach Mr. Smith proper breathing techniques, such as pursed-lip breathing, and encourage frequent deep breathing exercises. Additionally, implement airway clearance techniques, such as postural drainage and percussion, to facilitate the removal of secretions from his airways.
2. Medication Management:
Educate Mr. Smith about the proper use of his prescribed medications and their purpose in symptom management. This will enable him to effectively manage his COPD symptoms and prevent exacerbations. Provide instructions on proper inhaler technique and ensure he understands the correct timing and dosage of his medications.
3. Smoking Cessation:
Develop a smoking cessation plan with Mr. Smith to address his tobacco addiction. Provide education on the adverse effects of smoking on respiratory health and collaborate with a tobacco cessation specialist to develop a personalized plan that includes behavioral strategies, nicotine replacement therapy, and ongoing support.
4. Pulmonary Rehabilitation:
Refer Mr. Smith to a pulmonary rehabilitation program that focuses on exercise, education, and psychosocial support. This program will help improve his overall physical capacity, educate him about COPD management, and provide a support network for social and emotional well-being.
These interventions demonstrate the application of Orem’s theory in addressing Mr. Smith’s self-care deficits related to COPD. By empowering him to actively participate in his care and supporting him in meeting his self-care needs, the overall goal of optimizing his health and well-being can be achieved.
Conclusion:
By applying Dorothea Orem’s Self-Care Deficit Nursing Theory to the clinical scenario of Mr. Smith with COPD, a comprehensive plan of care can be developed. This plan focuses on addressing his self-care deficits and promoting his ability to manage his condition effectively. Orem’s theory provides a framework that aligns with the goal of nursing to assist individuals in achieving self-care and maintaining their health in the face of self-care deficits.