In a weekly coordination meeting, several senior investigato…
In a weekly coordination meeting, several senior investigators from the state crime lab request that AB Investigative Services (ABIS) prepare a standard operations procedure document concerning the general processing of computer evidence. Recent forensic investigator actions during the processing of computer evidence have failed to show
Answer
adherence to standard procedures and have raised concerns about the integrity and admissibility of the evidence in court. The purpose of this document is to outline the necessary steps and best practices that ABIS investigators should follow when processing computer evidence to ensure the integrity and admissibility of the evidence.
1. Introduction
The processing of computer evidence requires a methodical approach to ensure the preservation of the digital information and the maintenance of its integrity. This standard operations procedure document aims to provide ABIS investigators with a clear set of guidelines to follow during the processing of computer evidence.
2. Scope
This document applies to all ABIS investigators involved in the processing of computer evidence. It encompasses the acquisition, examination, analysis, and reporting of digital evidence retrieved from various electronic devices.
3. Definitions
3.1 Digital Evidence: Any data or information stored or transmitted in binary form that is subject to investigation.
3.2 Electronic Device: Any device capable of storing or transmitting digital information, including but not limited to computers, mobile phones, tablets, and external storage media.
3.3 Forensic Image: A bit-by-bit copy or snapshot of a storage medium, created for forensic analysis while preserving the integrity of the original data.
4. General Guidelines
4.1 Proper Chain of Custody
Maintaining a proper chain of custody is essential to ensure the admissibility and integrity of computer evidence in court. Investigative personnel must document and record every step from the initial collection to the eventual presentation of the evidence in court.
4.2 Preservation and Documentation of Original Media
It is crucial to preserve the original media in its current state to ensure the legitimacy of the evidence. Prior to any analysis, investigators must take precautions to prevent any alterations, such as making forensic images or creating duplicate copies.
4.3 Forensic Imaging
Forensic imaging is a critical step to guarantee the preservation of digital evidence. Investigators should create forensic images of the original media using validated and verified tools, ensuring the integrity of the evidence and allowing for analysis without tampering with the original data.
4.4 Documentation and Reporting
Accurate and detailed documentation of all actions taken during the processing of computer evidence is crucial. Investigators must maintain a comprehensive record of the methodologies used, tools employed, and results obtained. Additionally, findings must be compiled into a detailed report for future reference and potential submission in court.
5. Specific Steps in Processing Computer Evidence
5.1 Identifying and Documenting the Electronic Device
Before starting the analysis, investigators must properly identify and document the electronic device being examined. This includes recording the make, model, serial number, and any other pertinent information.
5.2 Securing the Electronic Device
Proper handling and storage of the electronic device are essential to prevent any damage to the evidence. Investigators must use appropriate anti-static bags or containers and employ proper labeling and sealing techniques to maintain the integrity of the device.
5.3 Acquiring the Digital Evidence
Investigators should utilize validated and reliable hardware or software tools to acquire the digital evidence from the electronic device. The acquisition process should be carefully documented, ensuring the preservation of the original data and chain of custody.
5.4 Analysis and Examination of the Digital Evidence
To extract information from the acquired digital evidence, investigators should employ appropriate tools and techniques while maintaining the integrity of the data. This includes searching for files, recovering deleted data, and analyzing relevant artifacts.
5.5 Reporting and Presentation of Findings
Investigators must compile their findings into a detailed report that accurately documents the procedures followed, the evidence discovered, and the analysis performed. The report should present the findings in a clear and concise manner, allowing for easy understanding by stakeholders and potential presentation in court.
In conclusion, following these standard procedures during the processing of computer evidence will ensure the integrity and admissibility of the evidence in court. ABIS investigators are encouraged to adhere to these guidelines to maintain high standards of professionalism, accuracy, and credibility in their forensic investigations.