(intext citation and references) when explaining answer. 1. Coding sequence 2. Region of DNA found upstream of coding sequence that plays important role in initiating expression 3. Short consensus sequence the facilitates assembly of transcriptional proteins 4. DNA binding protein that plays important role in initiating transcription a. Promoter b. Exon c. Intron d. Transcription Factor e. TATA Box f. RNA polymerase II

The answer to this question is e. TATA Box. The TATA Box is a short consensus sequence found in the region of DNA that is upstream of the coding sequence and plays an important role in initiating expression. It facilitates the assembly of transcriptional proteins and helps to recruit the RNA polymerase II, the enzyme responsible for transcription, to the promoter region.

The coding sequence, or the exon, is the portion of DNA that contains the instructions for building a specific protein or RNA molecule. It is the segment of DNA that is transcribed into RNA and then translated into a protein.

In contrast, the intron is a non-coding region of DNA that is found within a gene. It is transcribed into RNA but is not translated into protein and is typically removed through a process called splicing before the messenger RNA (mRNA) is translated. Introns are found in eukaryotic organisms, while prokaryotes typically do not have introns in their genes.

The promoter is the region of DNA found upstream of the coding sequence and plays an important role in initiating transcription. It contains various binding sites for transcriptional proteins, including the TATA Box, and helps to recruit the necessary transcription factors and RNA polymerase II to begin the transcription process.

Transcription factors are DNA binding proteins that play a crucial role in initiating transcription. They bind to specific DNA sequences, such as the TATA Box, and help to recruit the RNA polymerase II to the promoter region. Transcription factors also help regulate gene expression by interacting with other proteins and modifying chromatin structure.

In summary, the TATA Box is the short consensus sequence that facilitates the assembly of transcriptional proteins and plays an important role in initiating transcription. It is found in the region of DNA upstream of the coding sequence and is involved in recruiting the RNA polymerase II to the promoter region. The other options, such as exon, intron, promoter, and transcription factor, are all related concepts involved in gene expression, but they are not specifically associated with the initiation of transcription like the TATA Box.

References:
1. Alberts, B., Johnson, A., Lewis, J., Raff, M., Roberts, K., & Walter, P. (2002). Molecular Biology of the Cell (4th ed.). Garland Science.
2. Lewin, B. (2007). Genes IX. Jones & Bartlett Publishers.