(L57.0) Actinic keratosis scaly patches of skin (I49.9) Cardiac arrhythmia, unspecied Rapid heartbeat and pounding in the chest (K64.9) Unspecied hemorrhoids Irritation and pain around the anus. 2)¨******APA norms, please use headers All paragraphs must be and cited in the text- each paragraphs responses are not accepted Dont copy and pase the questions. Answer the question objectively, do not make introductions to your answers, answer it when you start the paragraph 4) Minimum 4 references per part not older than 5 years
Understanding Actinic Keratosis
Actinic keratosis, also known as solar keratosis, is a common skin condition that is characterized by scaly patches on the skin. These patches typically occur on areas of the body that are frequently exposed to the sun, such as the face, ears, lips, forearms, and hands. Actinic keratosis is considered a precancerous condition, as it can develop into skin cancer if left untreated.
The primary cause of actinic keratosis is prolonged exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun. UV radiation damages the DNA in skin cells, leading to abnormal growth and the formation of scaly patches. Additional risk factors for actinic keratosis include fair skin, a history of sunburns, a family history of skin cancer, and certain genetic conditions that make the skin more sensitive to UV radiation.
The symptoms of actinic keratosis may vary, but commonly include rough, scaly patches that can be either pink, red, tan, or brown in color. These patches may be flat or slightly raised and can range in size from a few millimeters to several centimeters. Other symptoms may include itching, burning, or tenderness in the affected area. Actinic keratosis may occur as a solitary lesion or as multiple lesions grouped together.
Diagnosis of actinic keratosis is usually based on a visual examination of the skin by a healthcare professional. The use of a dermoscope, a handheld device that magnifies and illuminates the skin, may also aid in the diagnosis. In some cases, a biopsy may be performed to confirm the diagnosis and rule out skin cancer.
Treatment options for actinic keratosis aim to remove or destroy the abnormal skin cells and prevent the development of skin cancer. The choice of treatment depends on various factors, including the number and size of the lesions, their location, and individual patient characteristics.
One common treatment for actinic keratosis is topical medications. These include creams, gels, or solutions containing ingredients such as 5-fluorouracil, imiquimod, ingenol mebutate, or diclofenac. These medications work by either killing or stimulating the body’s immune response to the abnormal cells in the skin.
Another option is cryotherapy, which involves freezing the lesions with liquid nitrogen. This destroys the abnormal cells, allowing healthy skin to grow in their place. Cryotherapy is a quick and relatively painless procedure that can be performed in a healthcare professional’s office.
In some cases, physical destruction of the lesions may be necessary. This can be done through procedures such as curettage and electrosurgery, where the affected area is scraped or burned off, respectively. Laser therapy may also be used to remove the abnormal cells.
Preventing actinic keratosis involves avoiding excessive sun exposure and protecting the skin from UV radiation. This can be achieved by seeking shade, wearing protective clothing (such as long sleeves and wide-brimmed hats), using sunscreen with a high sun protection factor (SPF), and avoiding tanning beds.
In conclusion, actinic keratosis is a common skin condition characterized by scaly patches on sun-exposed areas of the body. It is a precancerous condition that requires prompt treatment to prevent the development of skin cancer. Treatment options include topical medications, cryotherapy, physical destruction, and laser therapy. Prevention involves sun protection measures such as seeking shade, wearing protective clothing, using sunscreen, and avoiding tanning beds. It is important for individuals to be aware of the risk factors and symptoms of actinic keratosis and seek medical attention for proper diagnosis and management.