ONE PARAGRAPH FOR EACH QUESTION WITH 2 SUPPORTING PEER REVIEWED REFERENCES! Be sure to provide 2 APA citations of the supporting evidence- based peer reviewed articles you selected to support your thinking. Make sure to ANSWER EACH QUESTION ACCURATELY. (Please review attachments) Please do not plagiarize nor reword another persons assignment that has been previously submitted. Look at the attachment for the assignment and SOURCES to NOT USE!!! DO NOT turn in late, please pay attention to the DUE DATE.

The topic of this paper revolves around the effects of climate change on global food security. The paper analyzes the impacts of climate change on food production, food availability, and access to food, as well as the potential strategies to tackle these challenges.

1. How does climate change affect food production?

Climate change poses significant risks to global food production systems. Rising temperatures, shifting precipitation patterns, and extreme weather events such as droughts and floods can have detrimental effects on crop yields and livestock productivity (IPCC, 2014). Several studies have highlighted the negative impacts of climate change on various crops, including staple foods such as rice, maize, and wheat (Lobell et al., 2011; Schlenker & Roberts, 2009). These impacts are attributed to the sensitivity of crops to changes in temperature, water availability, and the increased prevalence of pests and diseases under altered climatic conditions (IPCC, 2014).

2. How does climate change affect food availability?

Climate change can disrupt food availability by reducing crop yields and altering the production patterns of key agricultural regions. The changing climate can lead to reduced arable land and water resources, as well as increased soil degradation, all of which can affect agricultural production (Wheeler & von Braun, 2013). The changing climate can also influence the geographical distribution of pests and diseases, resulting in decreased yields and crop losses (Anderson et al., 2004). Moreover, extreme weather events, such as hurricanes and cyclones, can cause infrastructure damage and disrupt transportation networks, which can further impact the availability of food in affected areas (Wheeler & von Braun, 2013).

3. How does climate change affect access to food?

Climate change can exacerbate existing challenges to access food, particularly for vulnerable populations. Changes in weather patterns and increased climatic variability can lead to decreased incomes for small-scale farmers, who may struggle to afford basic necessities, including food (Wheeler & von Braun, 2013). Climate-related disasters can also displace communities and disrupt their ability to access food, particularly in low-income countries with limited resilience and adaptive capacity (IPCC, 2014). Moreover, climate change can contribute to worsening income inequality, potentially limiting access to food for marginalized populations (Kafle, Seale, & Rajbhandari, 2017).

4. What strategies can be employed to address the challenges posed by climate change on food security?

Addressing the challenges of climate change on food security requires a multi-faceted approach. One key strategy is to promote agricultural practices that are resilient to climate change, such as sustainable intensification, precision agriculture, and agroforestry (Folberth et al., 2016; Powlson et al., 2014). These approaches focus on improving resource use efficiency and enhancing the adaptive capacity of farming systems to withstand climate variability and extreme events. Another strategy involves investing in research and development to breed climate-resilient crop varieties and livestock breeds that can tolerate increased temperatures, changing precipitation patterns, and emerging pests and diseases (Lobell et al., 2011; Ray et al., 2012). Additionally, efforts should be made to enhance international collaborations and knowledge sharing to facilitate the transfer of climate-smart agricultural technologies and practices to regions most vulnerable to climate change (Wollenberg et al., 2016).

In conclusion, climate change poses significant challenges to global food security by impacting food production, availability, and access. The negative effects of climate change on agricultural systems can undermine efforts to achieve food security, particularly for vulnerable populations. However, through the implementation of climate-resilient agricultural practices, investments in research and development, and fostering international collaborations, it is possible to mitigate and adapt to the risks posed by climate change on global food security.