ONLY Part #1 – 1) Abstract Page for entire paper (see attached for content) 2) What is partner violence? 3) Statistics / Incidence? Minimum 600 words Minimum 2-3 References (If possible, at least one (1) from a research article) In text citation APA format. (Please ensure references are strictly APA 6th ed format) Professor is VERY strict with confirming reliability of statements.

Abstract

Partner violence, also known as intimate partner violence (IPV), is a prevalent issue characterized by physical, psychological, and sexual abuse between partners in an intimate relationship. This form of violence has profound societal and individual impact, leading to physical and mental health problems for victims, as well as substantial social and economic costs. Understanding the incidence and scope of partner violence is crucial for addressing and preventing this pervasive problem. This paper aims to provide an overview of partner violence, including its definition, statistics, and incidence, in order to shed light on the magnitude of the issue and inform intervention efforts.

Keywords: partner violence, intimate partner violence, incidence, statistics, prevention

1. Introduction

Partner violence is a complex and multifaceted phenomenon that has received significant attention from scholars, policymakers, and practitioners over the years. It refers to any form of abuse perpetrated by one partner against another in an intimate relationship, including physical violence, sexual assault, psychological abuse, and controlling behaviors. Partner violence can occur in heterosexual and same-sex relationships, and it affects individuals from all racial, ethnic, socio-economic, and cultural backgrounds.

This paper aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of partner violence by exploring its definition, prevalence, and societal impact. It will draw upon existing literature and research to present an evidence-based overview of the issue. Additionally, it will discuss the implications of partner violence for victims, families, communities, and society as a whole.

2. What is partner violence?

Partner violence encompasses a range of behaviors that occur within an intimate relationship, including physical, sexual, and psychological abuse. Physical violence involves the use of physical force or assault to cause harm, such as hitting, slapping, punching, kicking, or choking. Sexual violence encompasses acts of forced or non-consensual sexual activity, including rape, sexual assault, or coerced sexual acts. Psychological abuse comprises tactics used to control, manipulate, or degrade the victim, such as intimidation, isolation, humiliation, threats, or stalking.

Partner violence can occur as a single incident or as a pattern of behavior over time, and it often escalates in severity and frequency. It is important to note that partner violence is not limited to physical acts of violence; it includes a range of behaviors that aim to exert power and control over the victim.

3. Statistics/Incidence

Determining the true incidence of partner violence is challenging due to underreporting, lack of consistent definitions, and variations in research methodologies. However, existing research provides valuable insights into the prevalence and scope of the problem.

The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that approximately one in three women worldwide have experienced physical and/or sexual violence by an intimate partner or sexual violence by a non-partner at some point in their lives. Furthermore, a meta-analysis conducted by Devries et al. (2013) found that globally, 30% of women aged 15 and older have experienced physical and/or sexual violence by an intimate partner. In contrast, the prevalence of partner violence against men is lower, but still significant, with estimates ranging from 10% to 29% in different countries.

In the United States, partner violence remains a prevalent issue. According to the National Intimate Partner and Sexual Violence Survey (NISVS) conducted by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), 1 in 4 women and 1 in 10 men have experienced severe physical violence from an intimate partner, including being hit, slapped, or kicked, or being injured with a weapon.

The consequences of partner violence are far-reaching and devastating for individuals and society. Victims may suffer physical injuries, chronic pain, mental health disorders (such as depression and anxiety), substance abuse problems, and even death. Additionally, children who witness partner violence are at increased risk for a range of negative outcomes, including emotional and behavioral problems, and are more likely to become victims or perpetrators of violence later in life.

In conclusion, partner violence is a pervasive problem with profound individual and societal consequences. Understanding the definition, prevalence, and impact of partner violence is imperative for developing effective prevention and intervention strategies. Despite the challenges of accurately measuring its incidence, research and data provide valuable insights into the scope of the issue and highlight the urgent need for continued efforts to address and prevent partner violence.