What evidence-based protocols can the nurse utilize for prevention of pressure injuries? Develop a nursing CARE PLAN for an older adult at risk for pressure injury using wellness and North American Nursing Diagnosis Association (NANDA) diagnoses. . The file uploaded is just a TEMPLATE, please do not copy and paste it. Also, please no plagiarism because it will be checked Purchase the answer to view it
Evidence-Based Protocols for Prevention of Pressure Injuries in Older Adults
Pressure injuries, also known as pressure ulcers or bedsores, are a significant concern in healthcare settings, particularly among older adults who are at a higher risk. These injuries result from prolonged pressure on the skin and underlying tissue, leading to tissue ischemia, necrosis, and the breakdown of skin integrity (National Pressure Ulcer Advisory Panel, 2014). As a nurse, it is crucial to implement evidence-based protocols to prevent pressure injuries in older adults. This paper will discuss several evidence-based protocols that nurses can utilize for the prevention of pressure injuries.
One important evidence-based protocol is the use of a Braden Scale or an equivalent risk assessment tool to identify individuals at risk for developing pressure injuries. The Braden Scale is widely used and assesses six risk factors, including sensory perception, moisture, activity, mobility, nutrition, and friction/shear (Beeckman et al., 2019). By regularly assessing patients using this tool, nurses can identify those at a higher risk and implement appropriate prevention measures.
To reduce pressure, the use of pressure-relieving devices is essential. It is recommended to utilize pressure redistribution mattresses, overlays, or cushions that redistribute the weight and relieve pressure on vulnerable areas (National Pressure Ulcer Advisory Panel, 2014). Examples include foam mattresses, alternating pressure mattresses, and air-filled cushions.
Another essential protocol for pressure injury prevention is regular repositioning. Prolonged pressure on any part of the body can lead to tissue damage. Therefore, it is crucial for nurses to reposition patients regularly, preferably every two hours or more frequently for high-risk individuals (European Pressure Ulcer Advisory Panel et al., 2019). Repositioning should involve the use of proper body mechanics to prevent shearing forces, which can further damage the skin.
In addition to pressure redistribution and repositioning, maintaining skin cleanliness and hygiene is vital for pressure injury prevention. Regular skin inspection should be performed to identify any early signs of pressure injury development. It is important to cleanse the skin gently and avoid harsh, drying soaps. Moisturizing the skin can also help maintain its integrity (European Pressure Ulcer Advisory Panel et al., 2019).
Optimizing nutrition and hydration is another evidence-based protocol for preventing pressure injuries. Adequate intake of protein, vitamins, and minerals helps in maintaining healthy skin and tissue integrity (Beeckman et al., 2019). It is crucial for nurses to assess the nutritional status of older adults and consult with dieticians or healthcare providers to develop appropriate dietary plans.
Furthermore, prevention of moisture-associated skin damage is essential in pressure injury prevention. Excessive moisture and exposure to urine or feces can compromise the skin’s integrity and increase the risk of pressure injury development. Using absorbent incontinence products, implementing regular toileting schedules, and keeping the skin dry and clean are crucial interventions (European Pressure Ulcer Advisory Panel et al., 2019).
Education and training of healthcare professionals, patients, and caregivers is an essential component of evidence-based pressure injury prevention protocols. Nurses must have knowledge and skills related to pressure injury prevention, including risk assessment, nutrition, positioning, and skin care (European Pressure Ulcer Advisory Panel et al., 2019). Patients and their caregivers should also be educated about the importance of pressure injury prevention measures and be involved in their care.
In conclusion, the prevention of pressure injuries in older adults requires the implementation of evidence-based protocols. These protocols include the use of risk assessment tools, pressure redistribution devices, regular repositioning, skin cleanliness, nutrition optimization, prevention of moisture-associated damage, and education and training. By implementing these protocols, nurses can effectively reduce the incidence of pressure injuries and improve the overall well-being of older adults at risk. Further research and evaluation of these protocols are necessary to continuously enhance pressure injury prevention strategies.