Write a 2-5 page paper discussing two scenarios where an ethical dilemma might present itself in your career field (Nursing) and how the problem should be solved according to at least two ethical theories you studied this term. Please use APA formatting and a minimum of 4 sources. Resources https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tWRL0x5OLdc https://youtu.be/pLhtfYCGLMM https://youtu.be/EuiAZuipD9c
Ethical dilemmas are a common occurrence in the nursing profession. Nurses often find themselves facing situations where they must make difficult decisions that may have conflicting ethical implications. In this paper, we will discuss two scenarios where ethical dilemmas might present themselves in the field of nursing and explore how these problems can be solved according to two ethical theories.
Scenario 1: Informed Consent
One ethical dilemma nurses frequently encounter is related to informed consent. Imagine a scenario where a patient is admitted to the hospital and requires a high-risk surgical procedure. The patient is hesitant and expresses doubts about going through with the surgery. The surgeon insists that the procedure is necessary for the patient’s well-being, but the patient is uncertain about the potential risks and benefits. The nurse is caught in a complex situation where they must balance the patient’s autonomy and the medical team’s expertise.
According to the ethical theory of Utilitarianism, the primary goal is to maximize overall happiness and minimize harm. In this scenario, the nurse can act in accordance with Utilitarianism by ensuring that the patient receives all the necessary information to make an informed decision. The nurse can facilitate a conversation between the patient and the surgeon, where risks and benefits are explained in clear and understandable terms. The nurse can also provide the patient with additional resources, such as brochures or videos, to aid in the decision-making process. By taking these steps, the nurse can help the patient make an autonomous and informed choice, ultimately reducing harm and maximizing overall happiness.
On the other hand, the ethical theory of Deontology emphasizes that certain actions are inherently right or wrong, regardless of the consequences. From a Deontological perspective, the nurse has a duty to respect the patient’s autonomy and ensure that they are fully informed. The nurse must prioritize the patient’s right to make decisions about their own healthcare, regardless of the surgeon’s opinion. In this scenario, the nurse can advocate for the patient by contacting the hospital’s ethics committee or seeking a second opinion from another healthcare professional. By doing so, the nurse upholds the principles of Deontology and fulfills their duty to prioritize patient autonomy.
Scenario 2: End-of-Life Care
Another ethical dilemma frequently faced by nurses relates to end-of-life care. Consider a scenario where a terminally ill patient, who is experiencing significant pain and suffering, expresses a desire to end their life. The nurse is torn between respecting the patient’s autonomy and the legal and ethical obligations to preserve life.
Utilitarianism provides a framework for approaching this dilemma. In line with Utilitarian principles, the nurse could explore options for reducing the patient’s pain and suffering, such as in-depth discussions about palliative care and the possibility of enlisting the services of a hospice team. The nurse can ensure that the patient’s emotional and psychological needs are addressed, providing support through counseling or spiritual care. By focusing on the patient’s overall well-being and alleviating suffering, the nurse can uphold the principles of Utilitarianism and aim to maximize happiness in the patient’s remaining time.
Alternatively, from a Deontological perspective, the nurse has an obligation to preserve life and prevent harm. The nurse can discuss the patient’s wishes with the healthcare team and explore alternative strategies for pain management. The nurse can also consult with a hospital ethics committee to ensure that the patient’s best interests are being considered. By prioritizing the principles of Deontology, the nurse demonstrates a commitment to preserving life and preventing harm.
In conclusion, ethical dilemmas commonly arise in the field of nursing, requiring nurses to make difficult decisions that may have conflicting ethical implications. By applying ethical theories such as Utilitarianism and Deontology, nurses can navigate these dilemmas with a solid ethical foundation. In the scenarios discussed, nurses can prioritize patient autonomy, maximize overall happiness, and minimize harm by ensuring informed consent and exploring options for end-of-life care.