Write one to two paragraphs on each topic below, and describ…
Write one to two paragraphs on each topic below, and describe how it applies to the realm of data communication. Also discuss what type of damage these computer infections can do to data in a computer. 1. Virus 2. Trojan 3. Worm 4. Rootkit
Answer
1. Virus: A virus is a type of malicious software that is capable of self-replicating and spreading from one computer to another. In the realm of data communication, viruses can be transmitted through various channels such as email attachments, network files, or infected websites. Upon infecting a computer, viruses can damage the data by corrupting or deleting files, modifying the system settings, or even rendering the computer inoperable. Some sophisticated viruses can also hide themselves within legitimate files or programs, making detection and removal more challenging.
2. Trojan: A Trojan, also known as a Trojan horse, is a malware that disguises itself as a legitimate software or file to trick users into executing it. Unlike viruses, Trojans do not self-replicate but rely on user actions to be installed. Once executed, Trojans can perform a range of malicious activities, including stealing sensitive information, modifying or deleting files, and providing unauthorized access to the attacker. In the context of data communication, Trojans can be distributed through email attachments, file sharing networks, or malicious downloads. They can then compromise the integrity and confidentiality of data by unauthorized actions, leading to potential data loss or leaks.
3. Worm: A worm is a self-replicating malware that can spread autonomously across networks without requiring any user intervention. Worms exploit vulnerabilities in systems or network protocols to gain unauthorized access and infect other devices or computers. In the domain of data communication, worms can rapidly propagate through interconnected computers, causing network congestion and consuming bandwidth. These infections can result in data corruption, data loss, or even complete system failure. Worms can also create backdoors or open network ports, paving the way for other malicious activities such as unauthorized remote access or data theft.
4. Rootkit: A rootkit is a malicious software that grants an attacker administrative-level control over a compromised system while hiding its presence from the user and security software. It essentially provides the attacker with a “root” or privileged access to the system, enabling them to carry out unauthorized actions without detection. In the context of data communication, rootkits can exploit vulnerabilities in operating systems or applications to gain persistent control over a computer. Once installed, they can modify or delete critical files, intercept network traffic, and even manipulate system logs to cover their tracks. The damage caused by rootkits to data can be severe, including data theft, unauthorized access to sensitive information, and the compromise of system integrity.