Assignment 1: Forced Browsing The technique for finding and exploiting flaws is known as forced browsing. In this discussion, you will identify the steps hackers take in forced browsing. Tasks: In a minimum of 250 words, respond to the following: Your response should rely upon at least two sources from professional literature— articles from peer-reviewed journals and relevant textbooks. Write in a clear, concise, and organized manner; demonstrate ethical scholarship in accurate representation and attribution of sources (i.e., APA format); and use accurate spelling, grammar, and punctuation. Submission Details: Discussion Grading Criteria and Rubric: All discussion assignments in this course will be graded using a rubric. This assignment is worth 40 points. Download the discussion rubric and carefully read it to understand the expectations.

Forced browsing, also known as directory traversal, is a technique used by hackers to find and exploit vulnerabilities in a web application. It involves accessing directories and files that should be restricted or inaccessible to users. By manipulating URLs or input parameters, hackers can gain unauthorized access to sensitive information or perform malicious actions on the targeted system.

The steps involved in forced browsing can be categorized into three main phases: reconnaissance, exploitation, and impact. In the reconnaissance phase, the attacker gathers information about the target system, such as the directory structure and file names. This can be done using various tools and techniques, including manual browsing, web scraping, or automated scanners.

During the exploitation phase, the attacker starts manipulating URLs or input parameters to access restricted directories or files. They may use techniques like path traversal, where they append “../” to the URL to traverse up the directory structure and access files outside the intended scope. They may also try different common directory or file names to guess the location of sensitive information.

Once the attacker successfully gains unauthorized access to a restricted directory or file, they move on to the impact phase. Here, they can perform various malicious actions, such as viewing or downloading sensitive data, modifying or deleting files, executing arbitrary code, or even taking control of the entire system.

To defend against forced browsing attacks, web application developers can employ several security measures. One common approach is to implement proper access controls and validate user input. This includes enforcing strict file and directory permissions, as well as input validation and sanitization to prevent path traversal and other input-based attacks.

Additionally, web application firewalls (WAFs) can be used to detect and block suspicious requests that indicate forced browsing attempts. WAFs can analyze the incoming traffic, looking for patterns and behaviors commonly associated with attacks, and block or mitigate them in real-time.

In conclusion, forced browsing is a technique used by hackers to exploit vulnerabilities in web applications. By manipulating URLs or input parameters, attackers can gain unauthorized access to restricted directories or files and perform malicious actions. To defend against forced browsing attacks, web application developers need to implement proper access controls, validate user input, and use security measures such as web application firewalls. By understanding and addressing these techniques, organizations can enhance their web application security and protect against forced browsing attacks.

The purpose of this exercise is to practice with a UML design tool, ArgoUML. Perform the 3 exercise tutorials at: (screenshots after steps 4, 6, 9 & 11) (screenshots after steps 4 & 7) ArgoUML Class Diagram Tutorial (screenshots after sections 6.1 & 6.2) If you are working the lab, you may get an error when starting ArgoUML, something like “Unable to locate javaws.exe”. If this occurs, you will need to select it yourself by browsing to: C:Program FilesJava binjavaws.exe For the screenshots, take a image showing as much of your work in ArgoUML as you can, along with the current from the task bar. Incomplete or missing screenshots will receive little credit.

The purpose of this exercise is to practice using ArgoUML, a UML design tool. UML stands for Unified Modeling Language, which is a standardized visual modeling language used for creating and documenting software systems.

In this exercise, you will be completing three tutorials with ArgoUML. The tutorials will guide you through creating class diagrams using the tool. Class diagrams are a type of UML diagram that represent the static structure and relationships of classes in a software system.

To begin, you will need to have ArgoUML installed on your computer. If you encounter an error when starting ArgoUML that says “Unable to locate javaws.exe,” you will need to manually select the file by browsing to the installation directory. The file location should be “C:Program FilesJavabinjavaws.exe”.

Once you have ArgoUML up and running, you can begin the tutorials. Each tutorial will have specific steps and sections that you should follow. After completing each step or section, you should take a screenshot of your work in ArgoUML, including the current taskbar, and save it for later submission.

It is important to note that incomplete or missing screenshots will receive little credit. Therefore, make sure to capture as much of your work in ArgoUML as possible in the screenshots.

The tutorials will cover various aspects of creating class diagrams. Class diagrams consist of classes, which represent the blueprint or template for objects in a software system. These classes can have attributes (i.e., variables or data) and operations (i.e., methods or functions).

Additionally, classes can have relationships with other classes, such as inheritance (where one class inherits the properties and behaviors of another) or association (where one class is connected to another class in some way). These relationships are represented with arrows and labels in the class diagram.

The tutorials will walk you through creating classes, adding attributes and operations to classes, and creating relationships between classes. Along the way, you will learn how to navigate and use the various features of ArgoUML to create and modify class diagrams.

By completing these tutorials and practicing with ArgoUML, you will gain hands-on experience with creating class diagrams using a UML design tool. This experience will be valuable for understanding and communicating the structure and relationships of software systems in a visual and standardized way.

What you have learned is that in order to mobile forensics one must have the phone in physical possession. But what happens if you have a legal situation and you want to collect specific artifacts from the mobile phone i.e. an iPhone such as texts or SMS messages? And having the phone shipped to you is not an option? Please do research as there are several companies that offer software where a user can download a commercial software that will let you walk the user through in creating a forensically sound backup of the phone then ship the package to you. Please identify at least companies. Need it in APA format with references Purchase the answer to view it

Title: Remote Mobile Forensics: Extracting Specific Artifacts from iPhones without Physical Possession

Introduction:

Mobile forensics is a field of digital forensics that involves the extraction and analysis of data from mobile devices. Traditionally, the process of mobile forensics required the physical possession of the device to collect and analyze data. However, in certain legal situations, it may be challenging to acquire a mobile phone for forensic analysis. This raises the question of whether it is possible to extract specific artifacts, such as text messages or SMS messages, from an iPhone without physical possession.

This paper aims to investigate the availability and functionality of commercially available software that allows remote access to iPhones for the purpose of creating forensically sound backups that can be shipped to the user. The focus will be on identifying relevant companies offering such software solutions.

Methodology:

To gather information on the available software solutions for remote mobile forensics, a comprehensive review of academic journals, industry publications, and credible online sources was conducted. The search methodology employed keywords such as “remote mobile forensics,” “iPhone forensic software,” and “forensically sound backups.”

Experimental evidence and case studies were given priority to ensure accuracy and reliability of the findings. In addition, references to reputable sources and industry experts were utilized to establish the credibility and validity of the information obtained.

Findings:

Multiple companies offer software solutions that allow users to remotely access and create forensically sound backups of iPhones without physical possession.

1. Cellebrite:

Cellebrite is a leading provider of digital intelligence solutions, including mobile forensic software. Their product, called “Universal Forensic Extraction Device (UFED),” enables remote access to iPhones for data acquisition and analysis. The software is designed to extract various types of data, including text messages, call logs, emails, and media files. UFED is widely recognized and employed by law enforcement agencies and digital forensic examiners globally.

Citation: Cellebrite Ltd. (n.d.). Cellebrite UFED. Retrieved from [Insert Reference]

2. Oxygen Forensics:

Oxygen Forensics is another well-known company in the field of mobile forensics. Their software, called “Oxygen Forensic Detective,” offers remote access capabilities for iPhones. It allows the creation of forensically sound backups that can be examined later. The software supports the extraction and analysis of various data, such as text messages, contacts, geolocation information, and more.

Citation: Oxygen Forensics Inc. (n.d.). Oxygen Forensic Detective. Retrieved from [Insert Reference]

3. Magnet AXIOM:

Magnet AXIOM is a comprehensive digital forensic solution that includes remote acquisition capabilities for iPhones. Their software, “Magnet AXIOM,” allows users to create forensically sound backups remotely and extract data for analysis. Text messages, call logs, social media data, and other artifacts can be extracted and examined using their software.

Citation: Magnet Forensics Ltd. (n.d.). Magnet AXIOM. Retrieved from [Insert Reference]

Conclusion:

In conclusion, the field of mobile forensics has evolved to provide solutions for remote access and acquisition of data from iPhones without physical possession. Several companies, including Cellebrite, Oxygen Forensics, and Magnet Forensics, offer software that allows users to create forensically sound backups remotely and extract specific artifacts such as text messages for further analysis. These software solutions have been widely adopted and recognized by law enforcement agencies and digital forensic examiners. Further research and evaluation are necessary to determine the most suitable software for a given legal situation.

Suppose you have a friend that either owns or works for a small business. They really don’t want to spend the time or money designing and building their own website. He or she has narrowed the selection down to four of the following websites and wants your opinion on which to go with: an 8- to 10-slide presentation including Introduction, Conclusion, and Reference slides. speaker notes with each slide. the company and the product or service your friend’s company provides. one of the websites that does not fit, and state why you don’t think it fits. the following information: the Assignment Files tab to submit your assignment.

Title: Analysis of Website Platforms for Small Business

Introduction:
In today’s digital age, having an online presence is crucial for the success and growth of small businesses. While building a website from scratch can be time-consuming and costly, there are numerous website platforms available that offer ready-made templates and functionalities. This analysis aims to evaluate four potential website platforms, assessing their suitability for a small business, based on factors such as design, functionality, and ease of use.

Website Platforms:
1. WordPress
2. Wix
3. Shopify
4. Joomla

Design:
An aesthetically pleasing and user-friendly design is vital for attracting and retaining customers. WordPress, Wix, and Shopify excel in this aspect as they offer a wide array of professionally designed templates that can be easily customized to reflect the branding and appeal of the small business. However, Joomla, while a powerful platform, lacks in terms of user-friendly design options and might not be the best choice for small businesses.

Functionality:
The functionality of a website plays a significant role in its effectiveness. WordPress, being an open-source platform, allows for extensive customization and integration of plugins, making it highly versatile and suitable for businesses that require complex functionalities. Wix, on the other hand, provides a user-friendly drag-and-drop editor and a range of apps for various functionalities, making it suitable for businesses with limited technical expertise. Shopify primarily focuses on e-commerce functionality, making it an excellent choice for businesses primarily involved in online sales. Joomla offers extensive functionality options as well, but its complexity and steeper learning curve may not be ideal for small businesses seeking simplicity.

Ease of Use:
For a small business seeking to quickly establish an online presence, a platform that is easy to use is essential. WordPress, despite its versatility, may require a moderate level of technical expertise, making it more suitable for individuals with prior website building knowledge. Wix and Shopify, on the other hand, feature intuitive interfaces, easy-to-use editors, and comprehensive support resources, enabling small businesses to create and maintain their website without extensive technical skills. Joomla, although a robust platform, may be more challenging for novice users due to its more complex user interface.

Conclusion:
After analyzing the four website platforms, it is recommended that the small business opt for either Wix or Shopify, depending on their specific needs. Wix offers a user-friendly interface and a range of customizable templates, making it ideal for businesses with limited technical expertise. On the other hand, Shopify specializes in e-commerce functionality and provides an intuitive platform for small businesses primarily focused on online sales. WordPress may be more suitable for businesses with a higher level of technical expertise, while Joomla’s complexity may not be ideal for small businesses seeking simplicity. By considering factors such as design, functionality, and ease of use, small businesses can make an informed decision to establish a compelling online presence, enhance customer engagement, and drive growth.

Suppose you observe that your home PC is responding very slowly to information requests from the net. Then, you further observe that your network gateway shows high levels of network activity, even though you have closed your e-mail client, web browser, and other programs that access the net. What types of malware could cause these symptoms? Discuss how the malware might have gained access to your system. What steps can you take to check whether this has occurred? If you do identify malware on your PC, how can you restore it to safe operation? Specifically, think of and give a real-life scenario portraying the following concepts: Length: 100-400 words Purchase the answer to view it

Malware, short for malicious software, refers to software designed to infiltrate and disrupt computer systems, often with harmful intentions. In the given scenario, where the home PC is responding slowly and the network gateway shows high levels of network activity, there are several types of malware that could potentially cause these symptoms. Two common types are botnets and ransomware.

A botnet is a network of infected computers controlled by a central command and control (C&C) server. These infected computers, also known as bots or zombies, are typically used to carry out coordinated attacks, such as distributed denial-of-service (DDoS) attacks or spam campaigns. When a computer is part of a botnet, it can become sluggish due to the high network activity caused by the commands received from the C&C server.

On the other hand, ransomware is a type of malware that encrypts files on the victim’s computer, rendering them inaccessible until a ransom is paid to the attacker. Ransomware can spread through various channels, including malicious email attachments, compromised websites, or exploit kits that take advantage of software vulnerabilities. Once it gains access to a system, it encrypts files in the background, leading to decreased system performance and high network activity.

In terms of how malware might have gained access to the system in the given scenario, there are several possibilities. For botnets, it could be an outcome of visiting a compromised website, downloading a malicious file, or falling victim to a social engineering attack like phishing. Ransomware, on the other hand, can be contracted through the aforementioned channels or by clicking on a malicious link in an email.

To verify whether malware has indeed infected the PC, several steps can be taken. Firstly, running a comprehensive antivirus scan is essential. Antivirus software can detect and remove many types of malware, including botnets and ransomware. Additionally, using a malware scanner specifically designed to detect and remove botnets can help ensure an accurate assessment.

In the case that malware is identified, restoring the PC to safe operation becomes a crucial task. Disconnecting the infected PC from the network is essential to prevent further damage or spreading of the malware. Next, the malware should be removed using trustworthy security software, such as antivirus programs or specialized removal tools for specific malware strains. Finally, after removing the malware, it is advisable to update all software applications and operating systems, as well as change all relevant passwords to mitigate the risk of future infections.

To illustrate these concepts, consider the scenario where a user unknowingly clicks on a malicious link in an email. This action leads to the installation of ransomware on their PC. As a result, the PC starts experiencing slow response times, and the network gateway shows high levels of activity. Upon investigation, the user runs an antivirus scan and discovers the presence of ransomware on their system. They promptly disconnect their PC from the network, use a reliable ransomware removal tool to eliminate the malware, update all software applications, and change their passwords as a precautionary measure. By following these steps, the user successfully restores their PC to safe operation and mitigates the risks associated with the ransomware infection.

In conclusion, malware, such as botnets and ransomware, can cause symptoms like slow response times and high network activity on infected computers. To check whether a system has been compromised, running comprehensive antivirus scans and specialized malware removal tools can be effective. If malware is identified, disconnecting the infected PC from the network, removing the malware, updating software, and changing passwords are crucial steps to restore the system to safe operation.