create a care plan for a patient with an autoimmune disease containing the following: summary of hx and assessment 3 nursing diagnosis 5 nursing interventions to address the nursing diagnosis (non-pharmacological and pharmacological ) APA style NANDA format . note : here I am attaching a example to fallow .
Care Plan for a Patient with an Autoimmune Disease
Summary of History and Assessment:
The patient, Mr. X, is a 45-year-old male who has been diagnosed with an autoimmune disease. The autoimmune disease affects the thyroid gland, causing hypothyroidism. Mr. X has a history of chronic fatigue, weight gain, hair loss, and cold intolerance. Upon assessment, his vital signs were stable, but he appeared fatigued and had dry skin. Laboratory tests revealed elevated thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels and decreased T4 hormone levels, confirming the diagnosis of hypothyroidism. Additionally, the patient reported feeling depressed and having difficulty concentrating.
Nursing Diagnosis:
1. Impaired Physical Mobility related to muscle stiffness and weakness secondary to hypothyroidism.
2. Risk for Imbalanced Nutrition: Less than Body Requirements related to reduced metabolic rate caused by hypothyroidism.
3. Disturbed Body Image related to hair loss and weight gain associated with hypothyroidism.
Nursing Interventions:
1. Impaired Physical Mobility:
– Collaborate with the physical therapist to develop a structured exercise program tailored to the patient’s capabilities and goals.
– Teach the patient range of motion exercises to reduce muscle stiffness and improve flexibility.
– Assist the patient with ambulation and provide necessary aids (e.g., walker) to prevent falls or accidents.
– Monitor the patient’s progress and adjust the exercise regimen as necessary.
– Educate the patient about the importance of regular exercise in improving muscle strength and mobility.
2. Risk for Imbalanced Nutrition: Less than Body Requirements:
– Collaborate with the dietitian to develop an individualized meal plan that includes nutrient-dense foods to meet the patient’s decreased metabolic needs.
– Monitor the patient’s weight regularly and assess for any signs of malnutrition.
– Educate the patient about portion control, balanced meals, and the importance of consuming a well-balanced diet.
– Encourage the patient to engage in regular physical activity to support weight management and improve metabolism.
– Provide emotional support and counseling to address any concerns or body image issues associated with weight gain.
3. Disturbed Body Image:
– Provide emotional support and a non-judgmental attitude to help the patient cope with the physical changes caused by the disease.
– Encourage the patient to express feelings and concerns regarding body image changes.
– Provide information about support groups or counseling services that can help the patient address body image issues.
– Explore alternative grooming options, such as wigs or hairpieces, to alleviate concerns about hair loss.
– Encourage the patient to engage in activities that promote self-esteem and self-acceptance.
Pharmacological Interventions:
1. For the management of hypothyroidism, initiate thyroid hormone replacement therapy, such as levothyroxine. Start with a low dose and adjust the dosage based on the patient’s response and thyroid function tests.
2. Administer antidepressant medication, if indicated, to address the patient’s symptoms of depression. Consult the healthcare provider for appropriate medication selection and dosage.
3. Monitor the patient’s medication adherence and educate the patient about the importance of taking medications as prescribed.
4. Regularly monitor the patient’s thyroid hormone levels and adjust the medication dosage as needed.
In conclusion, a comprehensive care plan for a patient with an autoimmune disease, specifically hypothyroidism, involves addressing impaired physical mobility, the risk for imbalanced nutrition, and disturbed body image. Non-pharmacological interventions include exercise programs, nutrient-dense meal plans, emotional support, and counseling. Pharmacological interventions might include thyroid hormone replacement therapy and antidepressant medication. Implementation of this care plan requires interdisciplinary collaboration and ongoing assessment and evaluation of the patient’s progress.